Page 106 - Vitamin D and Cancer
P. 106

4  The Epidemiology of Vitamin D and Cancer Risk                93

              4.  Garland FC, Garland CF, Gorham ED, Young JF (1990) Geographic variation in breast cancer
               mortality in the United States: a hypothesis involving exposure to solar radiation. Prev Med
               19:614–622
              5.  Lefkowitz ES, Garland CF (1994) Sunlight, vitamin D, and ovarian cancer mortality rates in
               US women. Int J Epidemiol 23:1133–1136
              6.  Schwartz GG, Hulka BS (1990) Is vitamin D deficiency a risk factor for prostate cancer?
               (Hypothesis). Anticancer Res 10:1307–1311
              7.  Hanchette CL, Schwartz GG (1992) Geographic patterns of prostate cancer mortality. Cancer
               70:2861–2869
              8.  Grant WB (2002) An estimate of premature cancer mortality in the US due to inadequate
               doses of solar ultraviolet-B radiation. Cancer 94:1867–1875
              9.  Platz  EA,  Rimm  EB,  Willett  WC,  Kantoff  PW,  Giovannucci  E (2000)  Racial  variation  in
               prostate cancer incidence and in hormonal system markers among male health professionals.
               J Natl Cancer Inst 92:2009–2017
              10. Holick MF (2004) Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart
               disease, and osteoporosis. Am J Clin Nutr 79:362–371
              11. Hollis  BW  (2005)  Circulating  25-hydroxyvitamin  D  levels  indicative  of  vitamin  D  suffi-
               ciency: implications for establishing a new effective dietary intake recommendation for vita-
               min D. J Nutr 135:317–322
              12. Vieth R (2005) The pharmacology of vitamin D, including fortification strategies. In: Feldman
               D et al (eds) Vitamin D, 2nd edn. Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam, pp 995–1015
              13. Garland  CF,  Comstock  GW,  Garland  FC,  Helsing  KJ,  Shaw  EK,  Gorham  ED  (1989)
               Serum  25-hydroxyvitamin  D  and  colon  cancer:  eight-year  prospective  study.  Lancet  2:
               1176–1178
              14. Tangrea J, Helzlsouer K, Pietinen P et al (1997) Serum levels of vitamin D metabolites and
               the  subsequent  risk  of  colon  and  rectal  cancer  in  Finnish  men.  Cancer  Causes  Control
               8:615–625
              15. Feskanich D, Ma J, Fuchs CS et al (2004) Plasma vitamin D metabolites and risk of colorectal
               cancer in women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 13:1502–1508
              16. Levine AJ, Harper JM, Ervin CM et al (2001) Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, dietary calcium
               intake, and distal colorectal adenoma risk. Nutr Cancer 39:35–41
              17. Peters U, McGlynn KA, Chatterjee N et al (2001) Vitamin D, calcium, and vitamin D recep-
               tor  polymorphism  in  colorectal  adenomas.  Cancer  Epidemiol  Biomarkers  Prev
               10:1267–1274
              18. Platz EA, Hankinson SE, Hollis BW et al (2000) Plasma 1, 25-dihydroxy-and 25-hydroxyvi-
               tamin D and adenomatous polyps of the distal colorectum. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers
               Prev 9:1059–1065
              19. Grau  MV,  Baron  JA,  Sandler  RS  et  al  (2003)  Vitamin  D,  calcium  supplementation,  and
                 colorectal adenomas: results of a randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 95:1765–1771
              20. Braun  MM,  Helzlsouer  KJ,  Hollis  BW,  Comstock  GW  (1995)  Prostate  cancer  and
                 prediagnostic  levels  of  serum  vitamin  D  metabolites  (Maryland,  United  States).  Cancer
               Causes Control 6:235–239
              21. Wactawski-Wende J, Kotchen JM, Anderson GL et al (2006) Calcium plus vitamin D supple-
               mentation and the risk of colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 354:684–696
              22. Gorham ED, Garland CF, Garland FC et al (2007) Optimal vitamin D status for colorectal
               cancer prevention A quantitative meta analysis. Am J Prev Med 32:210–216
              23. Wu K, Feskanich D, Fuchs CS, Willett WC, Hollis BW, Giovannucci EL (2007) A nested
               case–control  study  of  plasma  25-hydroxyvitamin  D  concentrations  and  risk  of  colorectal
               cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 99:1120–1129
              24. Otani T, Iwasaki M, Sasazuki S, Inoue M, Tsugane S (2007) Plasma vitamin D and risk of
               colorectal  cancer:  the  Japan  Public  Health  Center-Based  Prospective  Study.  Br  J  Cancer
               97:446–451
              25. Freedman DM, Looker AC, Chang SC, Graubard BI (2007) Prospective study of serum vita-
               min D and cancer mortality in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst 99:1594–1602
   101   102   103   104   105   106   107   108   109   110   111