Page 354 - Vitamin D and Cancer

Index 341

L P
Latitude, 3, 32, 74, 76, 79, 82, 91, 106, 120, Paracrine, 2, 5, 12, 57, 194, 204, 205, 223,
121, 176, 202, 227, 228, 281, 315, 317, 315, 316, 318, 319
318, 320, 321, 323 Parathyroid hormone (PTH), 2, 4, 31, 106,
Leukemia, 3, 34, 35, 145, 146, 149, 155, 156, 107, 122–124, 128, 200, 201, 210,
158–163, 254, 256, 259, 260, 262–268 223–225, 240, 266, 281, 309,
Ligand-dependent nuclear receptor 318–320, 333
corepressor (LCOR), 26 PCa. See Prostate cancer
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), 155, 263 Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor
Lithocholic acid (LCA), 14, 41, 42 (PPAR), 151, 153
Liver X receptor (LXR), 42 PGs. See Prostaglandins
Pharmacokinetics, 234, 235, 299
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), 107,
M 152–154, 158–159, 197, 199, 254, 259,
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization 261, 262
time-of-flight mass spectrometry Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP ),
3
(MALDI-TOFMS), 147 152, 153, 199
Matrix-metallo-protease (MMP), 62, 100–102, Phospholipase C gamma-1 ((PLC-g1), 153
105, 129–132 Photoprotection, 194, 207–209, 212
Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), 6, PKC. See Protein kinase C
16, 61, 148, 154, 156–161, 197–199, 206, Polyps, 56, 177, 185, 300–301, 303, 305, 306
207, 224, 225, 254, 259, 261–263 PPAR. See Peroxisome proliferator activated
Mitogen-activated protein kinase phos-phatase receptor
5 (MKP5), 55, 60–61, 63, 64 Prevention, 180, 184
Molecular mechanisms, 38, 177, 184, 209, Progenitor (P), 33, 100, 101, 146, 162,
211, 258–262, 280, 288, 290 251–253, 255, 256, 260
Monocyte-specific esterase (“non-specific” Prostaglandins (PGs), 15, 54–60, 102, 233
esterase) (MSE), 155 Prostate cancer (PCa), 6, 7, 9, 13, 15–17, 40,
54–64, 74, 75, 80–84, 90–92, 105, 106,
146, 150–152, 176, 179–180, 221–241,
N 267, 297, 316–317, 320, 322
Nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL), 79, 81, 90, Prostate Cancer & Lung Cancer, 176,
119, 121, 126–128, 176, 178, 229, 231, 182–183, 187, 227
236, 297, 299–301, 303, 306–309, 318, Prostate specific antigen (PSA),
328, 334 59, 60, 64, 82, 150–151, 233–235,
Nanomoles per liter (nmol/L), 78–79, 81, 82, 237–240, 317
86, 88–91, 119, 121, 123, 126–129, 131, Protein kinase C (PKC), 30, 153, 197, 199,
186, 210, 318, 321 224, 225, 259, 261
National Health and Nutrition PTH. See Parathyroid hormone
Examination Survey (NHANES), 126–128,
303, 333
NCOR2/SMRT. See Silencing mediator of R
retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors/ Randomized controlled trial (RCT), 78, 81,
Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2 90–91, 127, 186
Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT), 155, 160, 258 Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 5, 36–38,
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), 88–89, 92, 154, 155, 284
193, 255, 265, 266 Regulation, 2, 28, 55, 148, 194, 223, 253, 254,
Non-specific esterase (NSE), 155, 157, 160, 284, 304, 317
161, 258 Regulation of colonic vitamin D
Nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB), 37, 105, 201, 263 synthesis, 14
Nuclear receptor (NR), 2, 148, 151, 152, 159, Relative risk (RR), 78–81, 83–91, 126, 127,
163, 204, 253, 260 186, 227, 228, 281, 303–304
Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 (NCOR1), 27, Retinoblastoma protein (Rb), 104, 183,
28, 36, 40–41 184, 283